洞庭湖阻风赠张十一署·时自阳山徙掾江陵
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唐代]：韩愈
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十月阴气盛，北风无时休。苍茫洞庭岸，与子维双舟。
雾雨晦争泄，波涛怒相投。犬鸡断四听，粮绝谁与谋。
相去不容步，险如碍山丘。清谈可以饱，梦想接无由。
男女喧左右，饥啼但啾啾。非怀北归兴，何用胜羁愁。
云外有白日，寒光自悠悠。能令暂开霁，过是吾无求。
洞庭湖阻风赠张十一署·时自阳山徙掾江陵译文及注释
译文
十月的时候冷锋极盛大，北风的吹拂完全没停休。
在这苍茫的洞庭湖岸边，你我相傍分别系着小舟。
此时雾雨晦暗争着落下，湖面波涛怒击如同对投。
小舟四周的鸡犬难鸣吠，你我船上的粮绝无处谋。
想要移步也不能成功啊，险像好似被阻碍着山丘。
现在清谈虽可驱散饿感，平生梦想却是来之无由。
左右的男女们都在喧哗，有的还因饥饿哭声啾啾。
想到如非那北归的吸引，怎会羁留此地忍受忧愁。
但看着天上云外的白日，射出的寒光却自在悠悠。
若此刻暂能停雨见晴天，这就已是我无上的祈求。
注释
⑴樊汝霖云：“永贞元年自阳山徙掾江陵，十月过洞庭湖作。或云赴阳山时作。公《江陵途中》诗，叙初赴阳山云‘春风洞庭浪’，而此诗则首云‘十月阴气盛’，可知其非矣。”王元启云：“此诗卒章明云‘非怀北归兴，何用胜羁愁’，则其为徙掾江陵时作，非南迁时作可知。”洪兴祖《韩子年谱》：“即祭文云‘避风太湖，七日鹿角’者。”钱仲联云：“《水经注》：‘湘水左迳鹿角山东。’公盖阻风于洞庭湖南岸也。”张十一署，即张署，河间人。贞元中监察御史，谪临武令，历刑部郎，虔、澧二州刺史，终河南令。诗一首。
⑵顾嗣立云：“杜子美诗：‘烈风无时休。’”
⑶韩醇云：“《汉书·邹阳传》：‘浮云出流，雾雨咸集。’《楚辞》：‘雾雨淫淫。’”
⑷朱熹云：“‘断’，方从杭、蜀本作‘绝’。今按：此句既有‘绝’字，则下一句不应便复出。方为杭、蜀所误。此比多矣，今但刊正，不能悉论，而论其最著者一二，以晓观者。”
⑸蒋抱玄云：“《论语》：‘孔子在陈绝粮，从者病，莫能兴。’”
⑹李详《证选》：“应璩《与曹长思书》：‘有似周党之过闵子，樵苏不爨，清谈而已。’”
⑺朱彝尊云：“偶然境道来亦醒眼，兴趣乃在近而不得相就上。”张鸿云：“造意可爱。”
⑻祝充云：“啾啾，小儿声也。”
⑼“用”，或作“由”。方成珪《笺正》：“此诗第二字仄平平仄，循环相间，井然不乱，当作‘用’为协。况第六韵即是‘由’字，不应复出也。”
⑽蒋抱玄云：“《南史·宋文帝纪》：‘风转而西南，景色开霁。’”
⑾“无”，或作“何”。张鸿云：“寄托悱恻。”蒋抱玄曰：“写得不即不离，自具神妙。”
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饮酒·十三》
韩愈简介
唐代·韩愈的简介
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韩愈（768～824）字退之，唐代文学家、哲学家、思想家，河阳（今河南省焦作孟州市）人，汉族。祖籍河北昌黎，世称韩昌黎。晚年任吏部侍郎，又称韩吏部。谥号“文”，又称韩文公。他与柳宗元同为唐代古文运动的倡导者，主张学习先秦两汉的散文语言，破骈为散，扩大文言文的表达功能。宋代苏轼称他“文起八代之衰”，明人推他为唐宋八大家之首，与柳宗元并称“韩柳”，有“文章巨公”和“百代文宗”之名，作品都收在《昌黎先生集》里。韩愈在思想上是中国“道统”观念的确立者，是尊儒反佛的里程碑式人物。
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