野步
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清代]：赵翼
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峭寒催换木棉裘，倚杖郊原作近游。
野步译文及注释
译文
料峭的寒风催着换上了厚衣服，到附近的郊区原野去游玩。秋风最爱多管闲事了，它一来，不但把枫叶变红，还把人的头发变白了。
注释
峭寒：料峭
红他枫叶白人头：这是名句。意思是：（秋风）把枫叶变红，却把人的头发变白了。更是感叹时间不饶人。
野步鉴赏
绝句就是“截句”，从律诗中截出两联，单独成诗，可以把不必要的部分删去，只突出精华的内容。由于形式适合，有相当一部分绝句是着眼于奇想巧思的，前两句交代，后两句用奇，此诗即如此。
“峭寒催换木棉裘”，寥寥数字，勾勒出了较长一段时间里诗人的心理状态。“催”者，催促，催逼，仿佛料峭秋寒正不停地催促诗人换上棉袄。在这里，诗人赋予了峭寒一个独立的人格，它想用寒冷逼迫诗人换衣，诗人不肯，它便更添寒冷，诗人仍不肯，它便一冷再冷，再冷，再冷，诗人不得已，只好屈服。实际上，峭寒是没有人格的，更不可能故意与诗人作对，诗人这样写，是把自身的感情外施于物，通过自己与峭寒的交锋表现内心复杂的情感。诗人为什么不肯换上棉袄呢？可能有多种原因，但结合后文来看，最可能的就是诗人认为多穿衣服是年老体衰的表现，他不肯服老，所以不愿听任峭寒摆布，但最终还是无奈投降了。“倚杖郊原作近游。”“倚杖”是说腿脚不便，“近”是指无力走远。那么，大冷的天，诗人为什么要去野步呢？他在秋风萧瑟中，又将会是怎样的心情呢？
“最是秋风管闲事，红他枫叶白人头。”诗人笔下的秋风，仿佛成了一个讨人厌的家伙，它萧萧地吹，不停地吹，吹红了湛湛青枫，吹白了满头乌发，诗人对这秋风，不禁发出一句“管闲事”的牢骚来。如果说前面的“催”字还不是那么明显的话，那么这里的移情于物就十分突出了。本来秋风没有感情，也不好管闲事，枫叶之红、青丝之白，都与秋风没半点关系，诗人发此怪怨，实属无理。但越是无理，越是有情，诗人自入秋以来，一直不堪寒冷，再加上年事已高，感伤之情就从没断过，此刻他看到瑟瑟作响的红叶，一腔悲怀再也把持不住，便冲秋风抱怨道：“你怎么这么好事！”这里的秋风，实际上已经超出它本身的含义，成为了整个秋天、甚至永远无情地流逝着的时间的代表，正是无情的岁月逼红了枫叶，也催老了诗人。诗人此处将自己的感情外化为原本无辜的秋风，以蓄意悖理的手法，让衰凉之感直达读者心灵深处，仿佛读者自己已经成为了一个步履蹒跚的老者，在秋风中不禁洒泪。
综合全诗来看，最核心的无疑是后两句，但前两句也不应忽视。应该说，如果没有前面两句的交代和铺垫，后面的感情不可能抒发得那么充分。全诗表现了诗人对年华逝去的感伤之情。
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李益《
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竹窗闻风寄苗发司空曙》
赵翼简介
唐代·赵翼的简介
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赵翼（1727年～1814年1月10日）清代文学家、史学家。字云崧，一字耘崧，号瓯北，又号裘萼，晚号三半老人，汉族，江苏阳湖（今江苏省常州市）人。乾隆二十六年进士。官至贵西兵备道。旋辞官，主讲安定书院。长于史学，考据精赅。论诗主“独创”，反摹拟。五、七言古诗中有些作品，嘲讽理学，隐寓对时政的不满之情，与袁枚、张问陶并称清代性灵派三大家。所著《廿二史札记》与王鸣盛《十七史商榷》、钱大昕《二十二史考异》合称清代三大史学名著。
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