浣溪沙·楼倚春江百尺高
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宋代]：张先
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楼倚春江百尺高，烟中还未见归桡，几时期信似江潮？
花片片飞风弄蝶，柳阴阴下水平桥，日长才过又今宵。
浣溪沙·楼倚春江百尺高译文及注释
译文
这个日日思念丈夫的妇女正在百尺高楼之上展望。她抱着多么大的希望啊。江上水气弥漫，船只在雾气中航行，远处看不清楚。她看着它们慢慢地驶近自己。她仔细地辨认，但都不是她所盼望的那一只。失望之余，她埋怨起他来，觉得他不如江潮有信。她和她的丈夫可能曾约定开春相见，谁知转瞬之间已到暮春。也可能别离时间太长，经过了一个又一个春天，眼前新的春天又快过去了，她怎么不苦恼呢。当看到风吹花瓣象蝶舞，柳丝下垂似与桥面相平。这个妇女触景生情感到悲伤。漫长的白天好容易才度过去，却又迎来了寂寞难耐的夜晚。
注释
浣溪沙：唐代教坊曲名，后用为词牌，又名“浣溪纱”“小庭花”等。
倚：表示楼的位置。
烟中还未见归桡：“烟”，在这里指江雾之类的水气。“桡(ráo)”，划船的桨，这里代指船。
期信：遵守预先约定的时日。
浣溪沙·楼倚春江百尺高创作背景
此词为作者以闺中人思念远人的口吻创作的闺怨词，从词中内容看，故事发生在暮春时节。其具体创作年份未详。
参考资料：
1、周汝昌 等．唐宋词鉴赏辞典（唐·五代·北宋）．上海：上海辞书出版社，1988：401-402
浣溪沙·楼倚春江百尺高鉴赏
此词是一首以闺中人思念远人的口吻创作的闺怨词。词写丈夫远出，逾期未归，妻子在家望眼欲穿。上片叙事言情，下片因景及情。此词虽是古典诗词中常见的题材，意境却与众不同；结构上“无大起落”，却层次分明，在平易晓畅之中显现出浓郁蕴藉的情思，丰腴隽永的韵致，“味极隽永”。全词语言工巧，情感表现得细腻而又生动，含蓄而又深沉。
上片叙事言情，写出女主人望远盼归时望眼欲穿的心中之怨。“楼倚春江百尺高，烟中还未见归桡。”起首两句写闺妇登高楼凭曲阑，思亲怀远凝目看，江上水雾弥漫，白帆点点，由远而近，却始终不见她所盼的那只归夫船。看似平直，慢慢体味，颇多婉曲。“楼倚春江”一方面交待了百尺高楼临江而建；且因楼、江及人，把楼上凭栏人与春江中的“归桡”联系起来；二是以“春江”之浩瀚溶满衬托倚楼人之孤单冷寂。“春江”及下片又写到的繁花飞落，柳树成荫等，交待出时间是暮春——惜春之情甚也！“百尺高”与“还未见”相呼应，传写出思妇从低到高，拾级而上，登高骋望，伤高怀远的急切情态与望而不见，思而不得的苦恼和哀怨。一个“倚”字，就指示了位置。“烟中”二字乃点染之笔，它一是春江景象的具体、形象的描绘，二是以这迷蒙的春江景象巧妙地烘托思妇的伤高怀远、惆怅哀怨的情怀。“几时期信似江潮？”失望之余，她埋怨起那远行未归的人来了：你还不如江潮有信，什么时候你也能如江潮那样如期如约？紧承前面，从叙事言情转而直抒胸臆。此句既扣上“春江”，即景取喻，又暗用唐代李益的乐府诗《江南曲》“嫁得瞿塘贾，朝朝误妾期。早知潮有信，嫁与弄潮儿”的诗意。诘问之语，进一步刻画思妇的心理活动，写出失望尚未绝望思妇痴情、幽怨与期待的复杂心理。在对远行人的埋怨声中，似乎也隐隐含着“悔教夫婿觅封侯”（王昌龄《闺怨》）的自哀自怨。
下片因景及情，以景物衬托出女主人公度日如年的痛苦心情。“花片片飞风弄蝶，柳阴阴下水平桥。”过片两句写暮春的对偶句是思妇望中的眼前之景：落花在风中片片飞舞，蝴蝶在飞红中翩翩相戏；溪边细柳荫浓浓，柔条拂水渌溶溶，雨后新波涨满春江，江水与桥平——春去也。“水平桥”与上片的“春江”“江潮”前后呼应，结构严谨。“弄”“平”两个动词用得极妙，用拟人手法把景物写活了。在思妇眼前，庭院池塘，小桥流水，春风杨柳，飞花舞蝶，自然界充满生机，和谐惬意。然而在这一美景前，孑然独处的她，触景伤情，反而增添了无穷的哀怨。看飞花舞蝶亲昵作态，叹人不如物之感生，见杨柳青青之色，则想起曾与丈夫分手时春日重聚的约定，春将去，人不见，引起无限的怨情，真有“忽见陌头杨柳色，悔教夫婿觅封侯”（王昌龄《闺怨》）之感！“日长才过又今宵。”日复一日地登高凝望，又到斜阳西下暮色昏暝时，主人公不由得发出一声压抑已久的喟然长叹：漫长的白天刚刚挨过去，寂寞难耐的夜晚又将开始——登高望春春将去，高楼望远远念情。人未归，怨难平。结句的一声喟叹，把女子度日如年的离别之苦写得含蓄而又深沉。
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张先《
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浣溪沙·楼倚春江百尺高》
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朱淑真《
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菩萨蛮·山亭水榭秋方半》
张先简介
唐代·张先的简介
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张先（990－1078），字子野，乌程（今浙江湖州吴兴）人。北宋时期著名的词人，曾任安陆县的知县，因此人称“张安陆”。天圣八年进士，官至尚书都官郎中。晚年退居湖杭之间。曾与梅尧臣、欧阳修、苏轼等游。善作慢词，与柳永齐名，造语工巧，曾因三处善用“影”字，世称张三影。
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和河帅麟庆丙申六月焦山放鼍诗
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清代：
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姚燮
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土龙乾之精，上阳禀元赋。杙宅天吴宫，搜蛇狎青雾。
何虞支巫祁，铁索坐遭锢。完颜今范韩，泽代圣皇布。