和李秀才边庭四时怨·其四
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唐代]：卢汝弼
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半夜火来知有敌，一时齐保贺兰山。
和李秀才边庭四时怨·其四鉴赏
写边庭夜警、卫戍将士奋起守土保国的小诗。描写边塞风光和边地征战的作品，在唐诗中屡见不鲜。早在盛唐时期，高适、岑参、李颀等人就以写这一方面的题材而闻名于世，形成了著名的所谓“边塞诗派”，以后的一些诗人也屡有创作。但这组小诗，却能在写同类生活和主题的作品中，做到“语意新奇，韵格超绝”（明胡应麟《诗薮·内编》卷六评此组诗语），不落常套，这是值得赞叹的。
“朔风吹雪透刀瘢”，北地严寒，风雪凛冽，这是许多边塞诗都曾写过的，所谓“九月天山风似刀”（岑参），所谓“雨雪纷纷连大漠”（李颀），再夸张些说“燕山雪花大如席”（李白），“随风满地石乱走”（岑参），但总还没有风吹飞雪，雪借风势，用穿透刀瘢这样的形容使人来得印象深刻。边疆将士身经百战，留下累累瘢痕，如王昌龄所写：“不信沙场苦，君看刀箭瘢”，其艰险痛苦情形栩栩如生；而这首小诗却写负伤过的将士仍在守戍的岗位上继续冲风冒雪，又不是单就风雪本身来描写，而是说从已有的刀瘢处透进去，加倍写出戍边将士的艰辛。次句“饮马长城窟更寒”，是由古乐府“饮马长城窟，水寒伤马骨”句化来，加一“更”字，以增其“寒”字的份量。这两句对北地的严寒做了极至的形容，为下文蓄势。
“半夜火来知有敌”，是说烽火夜燃，响起敌人夜袭的警报。结句“一时齐保贺兰山”，是这首小诗诗意所在。“一时”，犹言同时，无先后；“齐”，犹言共同，无例外，形容闻警后将士们在极困难的自然条件下，团结一致、共同抗敌的英雄气概。全诗格调急促高昂，写艰苦，是为了表现将士们的不畏艰苦；题名为“怨”，而毫无边怨哀叹之情，这是一首歌唱英雄主义、充满积极乐观精神的小诗。
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崔颢《
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雁门胡人歌》
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高适《
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塞上听吹笛》
卢汝弼简介
唐代·卢汝弼的简介
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卢汝弼，字子谐，范阳人。景福进士。今存诗八首。（《才调集》作卢弼），登进士第，以祠部员外郎、知制诰，从昭宗迁洛。后依李克用，克用表为节度副使。其诗语言精丽清婉，辞多悲气。诗八首，皆是佳作，尤以《秋夕寓居精舍书事》和《和李秀才边庭四时怨》（其四）两首为最善。《秋夕寓居精舍书事》写秋日乡思，依情取景所取景物包括“苔阶叶”、“满城杵”、“蟏蛸网”、“蟋蟀声”等），以景衬情，写得情景交融，感人至深。《和李秀才边庭四时怨》写边庭生活，一片悲气弥漫之中又含着雄壮，十分动人心魄。
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霖霖滴滴未休休，不解教侬不白头。
却把穷愁比秋雨，犹应秋雨少於愁。
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归舟吴越迎歌扇，潭水沧浪废杖藜。问讯绥山桃几熟，飞花好寄五陵溪。
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清代：
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红桕当孤店，青山在隔邻。风尘暗前路，谁复是知津。
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宋代：
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赵湘
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白苹溪湛五亭寒，物象全宜谢守閒。
秋尽棋声过竹寺，雨余诗思落茶山。