鄘风·定之方中
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两汉]：佚名
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定之方中，作于楚宫。揆之以日，作于楚室。树之榛栗，椅桐梓漆，爰伐琴瑟。
升彼虚矣，以望楚矣。望楚与堂，景山与京。降观于桑。卜云其吉，终焉允臧。
灵雨既零，命彼倌人。星言夙驾，说于桑田。匪直也人，秉心塞渊。騋牝三千。
鄘风·定之方中译文及注释
译文
定星十月照空中，楚丘动土筑新宫。度量日影测方向，楚丘造房正开工。栽种榛树和栗树，还有梓漆与椅桐。成材伐作琴瑟用。
登临漕邑废墟上，把那楚丘来眺望。望了楚丘望堂邑，测量山陵与高冈，走下田地看农桑。求神占卜显吉兆，结果必然很安康。
好雨夜间下已停，吩咐驾车小倌人。天睛早早把车赶，歇在桑田劝农耕。他是正直有为人，内心充实又深沉。良马三千多如云。
注释
定：定星，又叫营室星。十月之交，定星昏中而正，宜定方位，造宫室。于：古声与为通，作为之意。 楚：楚丘，地名，在今河南滑县东、濮阳西。
揆（音葵）：测度。日：日影。
榛、栗、椅、桐、梓、漆：皆木名。椅，山桐子。
虚（音区）：一说故城，一说大丘，同“墟”。
堂：楚丘旁邑。景山：大山。京：高丘。
臧：好，善。
灵：善。零：落雨。倌：驾车小臣。
星言：晴焉。夙：早上。说（shuì税），通“税”，歇息。
匪：犹“彼”。直：特也。秉心：用心、操心。塞渊：踏实深远。
騋（音来）：七尺以上的马。牝（音聘）：母马。三千：约数，表示众多。
参考资料：
1、《先秦诗鉴赏辞典》.上海辞书出版社，1998年12月版，第96-97页
鄘风·定之方中创作背景
此诗当作于卫文公的晚年或死后，是追叙当时情事，具有史诗性质。它与《大雅·公刘》写周人先祖公刘带领周民由邰迁豳时相地形、建京邑、治田地等颇相类。这篇风诗意在歌功颂德，称颂的对象则是卫文公。
参考资料：
1、姜亮夫 等．先秦诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1998：96-99
2、王秀梅 译注．诗经（上）：国风．北京：中华书局，2015：98-101
鄘风·定之方中鉴赏
此诗分三章，每章共七句。首章写在楚丘营建宫室。古代科学技术还比较原始，建造宅邸需要定向，只能依靠日星。定星每年夏历十月十五至十一月初，黄昏时分出现在正南天空，与北极星相对应，就可准确测定南北方位。至于东西，揆度日影也可确知。又十月后期方届农闲，严寒尚未至，古人于此时修宫筑室，自是相当科学。至于栽种树木，古代在宫殿庙宇建筑旁需植名木，如“九棘”“三槐”之类，也有一定规定。楚丘宫庙等处种植了“榛栗”，这两种树的果实可供祭祀；种植了“椅桐梓漆”，这四种树成材后都是制作琴瑟的好材料。古人大兴土木兼顾人文景观与自然景观，这对今天也是一种启发。“爰伐琴瑟”，很有意思。十年树木，百年树人，立国之初就考虑到将来能歌舞升平，琴瑟悠飏，可见深谋远虑与充满自信，非苟且偷安者比，由此让人品尝出诗中隐寓的褒美之意。首章写的是群体劳动，那样的科学规划，那样的紧张有序，那样的自豪自信，在颇为整饬而略带进行曲色彩的诗行中，读者仿佛触摸到了卫人重建家园时那种明朗而又热烈的欢快脉搏。可是，人们不可能自发盲目劳作，也不可能群龙无首，这一大规模工程究竟由谁擘画和领导的，由此造成小小悬念，自然折入二章的倒叙缘由，章法安排上具有跌宕之势。
二章追叙卫文公卜筑楚丘的全过程。全过程包括二个层次：尽人事，敬天命。前五句为尽人事，先是“望”，后是“观”。望是登高远望，登上漕邑故墟，眺望楚丘。“望楚”的重复，说明端详得极其细致，慎重而又慎重。此外。还考察了附近的堂邑和高高下下的大小山丘。这显示文公有丰富的堪舆风水知识。“观”是降观，下到田地察看蚕桑水土，是否宜耕宜渔。这都是有关国计民生的根本大计，作为贤君自然不会疏忽。这五句从“登”到“降”，从“望”到“观”，全景扫描，场面宏远，在广阔雄伟的背景上刻划了既高瞻远瞩又脚踏实地的文公形象。最后两句写占卜，经“天意”认可，人事才算定局，它有助于今天读者认识古代历史。
与二章大刀阔斧手笔迥不相侔，三章却于细微处见精神。三章写文公躬劝农桑。“好雨知时节”，有一天夜里春雨绵绵滋润大地，黎明时分天转晴朗，文公侵晨起身，披星戴月，吩咐车夫套车赶往桑田。这幅具体的细节描写图，要传达的信息也不言而喻：文公重视农业生产，亲自前往劝耕督种。由小见大，文公平时夙兴夜寐劳瘁国事的情景，都不难想见。
三章的最末三句是全篇的结穴，揭出题旨：他可不是平庸的一般的人，他的用心是多么的实在多么的深远啊！全诗叙事，都用赋的手法，从赋中让人品味出赞颂的韵味。“匪直也人，秉心塞渊。”二句虽然也是赋，却有更多的抒情色彩。由于文公“秉心塞渊”，崇尚实际，不繁文缛节做表面文章，才使卫国由弱变强。一、二、三章的所有叙写，无不围绕“秉心塞渊”而展开。
诗末句“騋牝三千”，好像与全诗内容风马牛不相及，其实是构成一种因果关系。上述卜地、筑宫、兴农种种是因，此句是果。兵强马壮，常体现一国的富强，在文公治理下，卫国确实日臻富强。《诗经原始》也高度评价文公治卫，称其“不数年而戎马寖强，蚕桑尤盛，为河北巨邦。其后孔子适卫犹有庶哉之叹，则再造之功不可泯也”。
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佚名《
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鹑之奔奔》
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佚名《
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考槃》
佚名简介
唐代·佚名的简介
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解嘲 其一
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宋代：
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别饶子闻 其三
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明代：
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尹台
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拊剑激清瑟，悲歌慨以慷。矫矫云中鹄，翩翩厉鸣翔。
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癸巳九月朔日与贻柏漫堂暮阑薇室夜饮海陵分韵得觅
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：
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秦鸿
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风兮吾心其淅淅，云兮吾身其幕幕。天兮吾道行踧踧，日月吾章光焃焃。
燃此电炬照斯堂，烛此数子如孩嘻歒赥。壶觞共引祛霜风，座中暂卸鞍鞯靮。
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三代门。管蔡
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唐代：
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周昙
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伊商胡越尚同图，管蔡如何有异谟。
不念祖宗危社稷，强于仁圣遣行诛。
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重五日入山由苗栗至大湖
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：
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梁成楠
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溪行有深湍，山行无寸土。当暑践炎石，似鱼游热釜。
对岭见深林，林深防猛虎。杀人饮其血，手把髑髅舞。
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次刘正之芙蓉韵三首 其三
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宋代：
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朱熹
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微吟泽畔几扶筇，自笑摧颓一秃翁。羞见芙蓉好颜色，且凭诗律傲西风。