扫花游·秋声
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宋代]：王沂孙
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商飙乍发，渐淅淅初闻，萧萧还住。顿惊倦旅。背青灯吊影，起吟愁赋。断续无凭，试立荒庭听取。在何许？但落叶满阶，惟有高树。
迢递归梦阻。正老耳难禁，病怀凄楚。故山院宇。想边鸿孤唳，砌蛩私语。数点相和，更著芭蕉细雨。避无处。这闲愁，夜深尤苦。
扫花游·秋声译文及注释
译文
秋天的肃杀之声突然响起，渐渐的能听到声音，淅淅萧萧的风声似乎没有停住的意思。这风声惊到了倦于行旅的人。对着油灯望着影子自我感叹，不由得站起来吟诵愁赋。风声断断续续的，便尝试到荒院里仔细听听。可是风声在哪里呢？但庭院里只有高树，还有落满台阶的树叶。
仿佛进入遥远的梦境。正好老来不堪听取凄凉的秋声，有着生病憔悴的样子。本来是山里的庭院。却想到边疆鸿雁的孤鸣，台阶下的蟋蟀的秘密私语。雨打芭蕉之声与雁唳蛩鸣之声相应和。我无处可躲避。这种闲愁，夜越深越痛苦。
注释
秋声：时至秋日，西风起，草木凋零，多肃杀之声，曰秋声。
商飙（biāo）：指秋风 。古人把五音与四季相配。商音配秋。商音凄厉。与秋天肃杀之气相应。因以商指秋季。
淅淅：象声词，形容风声。
倦旅：指倦于行旅的人。
青灯：光线青荧的油灯，借指孤寂、清苦的生活。
吊影：对影自伤。极言孤独。愁赋：度郎先自吟愁赋，凄凄更闻私语 。
断续：意指风声不定时断时续。无凭，无准或不定之义。何许：何处。但：只，只有。
迢（tiáo）递：遥远的样子。
老耳难禁：老来不堪听取凄凉的秋声。
边鸿：边塞的鸿雁。孤唳：指鸿雁孤鸣。砌蛩：台阶下的蟋蟀。
数点：指雨滴。更著：更加上。
参考资料：
1、（宋）王沂孙．吴则虞导读 王沂孙词集：上海古籍出版社，2011.09：第76页
2、刘永济．唐五代两宋词简析；微睇室说词：中华书局，2007.10：第116页
扫花游·秋声创作背景
至元二十八年（1291），元朝诏告天下寻访隐居埋名的人士，征辟任用南士，并责成各级官府严加督视。宋亡后一直隐居会稽的王沂孙在这一年被强征而起，出任庆元路学正。这一首《扫花游·秋声》，便是他出任庆元任上，日夜思念故乡并渴盼早日归家的心迹流露。
参考资料：
1、刘石，杨旭辉主编；清华大学中文系，苏州大学《唐宋词鉴赏大辞典》编写组．唐宋词鉴赏大辞典：中华书局，2012.07：1392-1393
扫花游·秋声鉴赏
王沂孙在咏物词上有较为独到之感觉。《扫花游·秋声》是从欧阳修《秋声赋》中转换而来。周颐《蕙风词话》中首评论其为：“以性灵语咏物，以沉著之笔达出。”这首词有很新颖之处，无论在咏物赋情，还是在布局构思上。在词中表达了一种倦旅思归、欲归不能、老病缠身的难言之痛、亡国之恨和身世之悲。
欧阳修在《秋声赋》云“欧阳子方夜读书，闻有声自西南来者，悚然而听之，曰：异哉！初淅沥以萧飒，忽奔腾而砰湃。……”发端三句即由此化来。“商飙乍发，渐淅淅初闻，萧萧还住。”写秋风乍起，秋声随作的声势。古代用五音和方位配春夏秋冬四时，商声主西方属秋，秋风故云商飙。概括了欧阳修洋洋洒洒几十字所作的描写。“乍发、渐、初闻、还住”一系列动作，将秋声散在的听觉形象写得起伏宛然、张弛有致，将秋风秋声写得姿态卓立、声势宛然。“顿惊倦旅”，写词人闻秋声感羁旅之苦，词人的境遇较为凄惨。“顿惊”与“乍发”呼应，将秋声与情怀拍合一处。笔势转折。秋声是人惊起时所闻，倦旅之怀是闻秋声所发。咏秋声意在于其情，故意境顿深。“惊”字承前之秋声，熔铸行旅之梦被打断的缘起与惊醒后的神态；启后之倦旅，它又是对秋声触目惊心的心态。“背青灯吊影”，写词人身受漂泊不定、孤寂不堪的羁旅之苦，和一种凄凉的心境：形单影只，独影孤灯，本已情伤。灯影的幽冷摇曳动荡不定，秋声相和。使人倦旅之心顿生，只好借赋咏，抒发心中愁绪。
下面由心情又转写秋声。“断续无凭”这里则写有意追寻秋声。“试立荒庭听取。”一句以“听取”的方式追寻时断时续终于悄然无息的秋声，通过客舍到荒庭的转换，为从听觉转至视觉作了巧妙而又自然的过渡。以下秋声已住，无处追寻，仿佛秋声留下的足迹。“无凭”是感觉，“但有”是视觉，树叶落后更觉峥嵘。在秋声中徒增冷寂和凋零。此段写法独到，即见无处寻声，却有迹可见的水尽云生，在凝重质实中见出清刚流转。
上片秋声是所闻、所感、所见。“迢递归梦阻”是上片“顿惊倦旅”的进一步铺陈。“归梦”为秋声所断，在“倦旅”中，思乡之情段段。“归梦阻”之“阻”，一表归梦为秋声所断，二表时间渺渺，空间遥遥，梦醒后也有家难归。有家不能归，是为不幸，归梦都难成，又何幸焉。客居的孤寂中闻秋声且见落叶飘零之形色，愈益感发他老病交加的凄楚，比之倦旅之情，悲苦过之矣。“阻”所隐含的秋声惊梦，“老耳难禁”暗示的凄楚秋声，均处处遥遥切合题旨，含蓄而曲折，想象较为丰裕自如。
既然归期遥遥，就只有异乡的秋夜遥想故乡，自我慰藉，词人在秋声中展开对故乡的想象：孤雁唳鸣，寒蛩哀吟，雨打芭蕉，透露出凄惶孤寂的意味。比之异乡所闻秋声，愁苦交织，令人肠断心碎。思乡或归家能解脱愁怀，岂料客居愁，归家更愁。“避无处”，这愁又是与秋声相感发的，秋声无处不在，此愁也无有已时，这是秋声所感发的愁怀的第三层曲折。将秋声与愁怀推至悲苦不堪的极致，笔致极为拙重含蓄。“这闲愁，夜深尤苦”，愁而曰“闲”，是以轻淡之笔写郁结之情。绾合种种愁思一处，在夜深人静、无可诉说的背景之中，显得格外“尤苦”。
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欧阳修《
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梦中作》
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孔平仲《
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霁夜》
王沂孙简介
唐代·王沂孙的简介
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王沂孙，字圣与，号碧山、中仙、玉笥山人。会稽（今浙江绍兴）人，年辈大约与张炎相仿，入元后曾任庆元路学正。有《花外集》，又名《碧山乐府》。
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擘天滕六勇如貔，移下琼台扑凸奇。
老尽青山真是幻，从渠白战更无诗。
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和丹岩以青溪至有作
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：
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卫宗武
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故人未到欠诗催，才到九山云为开。
野鹤正思寻老伴，盟鸥亦竞喜朋来。
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自述
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明代：
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唐顺之
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祗为抽簪早，归来已四春。本非食肉相，犹是饭牛身。
负郭无新业，灌园有旧邻。矶边独钓客，陇上偶耕人。