临江仙·送光州曾使君
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宋代]：周紫芝
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记得武陵相见日，六年往事堪惊。回头双鬓已星星。谁知江上酒，还与故人倾。
临江仙·送光州曾使君鉴赏
开篇“记得武陵相见日，六年往事堪惊。”“记得”二字将词带入对往事的回忆之中。武陵，今湖南常德市。“相见日”三字，虽极平常，但却包含着那次相聚中种种快乐的情事，极为明白而又十分含蓄。从那以后，他们阔别六年之久，两人都尝尽了天涯作客的况味。这一切，作者只用“往事堪惊”四字一笔抹过，简括地表现出辛酸沉痛，不堪回首的情绪。“回头双鬓已星星”，现见面，两人鬓发已经花白了。这句上片是关合前后的过渡句。正因为词人对他们的武陵相会有着美好的记忆，而对分别以来的生活感到很哀伤，所以，他非常希望刚刚重新见面的朋友能长期一起，以慰寂寞无聊之思，以尽友朋相得之欢。“谁知江上酒，还与故人倾”。哪知道又要这样匆匆作别呢？“谁知”、“还与”的搭配，表达了作者对这次分别事出意料，与愿望乖违，但又不得不送友人登程的伤离情绪。虽说词只写江上杯酒相倾的一个细节，实际上，他们尽情倾诉六年阔别的衷肠，以及眼前依依惜别的情怀，都涵括里面了。
下片是对曾使君到达光州边地后生活和心境的想象。过片二句，上句有情有景，境界雄阔悲壮。寒日的傍晚，一派萧瑟的边塞上，铁马奔驰，红旗飘扬，士气高昂，真是令人激奋的场面。使君不仅身其中，而且还是长官和塞主。一般诗人的笔下，久守边城，则不免要流露出思归的凄怆之情。而这首词则一反常调，别出新意。作者想象曾使君为豪壮的军队生活所激发，根本不想离开边地，反而担心皇帝下诏书，命令他回京，“只愁飞诏下青冥”，使他不能继续呆那里。他何以要留恋边地呢？词的最后两句作了剖露：“不应霜塞晚，横槊看诗成。”“不应”，不顾。“霜塞晚”，呼应上文“寒日暮”。张相《诗词曲语辞汇释》串解这几句云：“言只恐诏宣入朝，不顾使君边塞，正有横槊之诗兴也。”横槊赋诗，语出元稹《唐故工部员外郎杜君墓系铭并序》，云“曹氏父子鞍马间为文，往往横槊赋诗”。后来引用它赞扬人的文才武略。
词从友人的角度想象，说他热爱雄壮的边塞生活，并有写诗赞美的豪兴。作为一首送别词，它的真正用意是勉励友人在边塞上施展文武才干，为国立功。
此词写惜别之情，却一反常态，花费较多笔墨回忆六年阔别中两人天各一方、辛苦劳顿的种种情状，为抒写别情作了蓄势充足的铺垫。这种写法，具有较强烈的艺术感染力，显示了作者的高超才情。
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周紫芝《
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临江仙·送光州曾使君》
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李师中《
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菩萨蛮·子规啼破城楼月》
周紫芝简介
唐代·周紫芝的简介
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周紫芝（1082-1155），南宋文学家。字少隐，号竹坡居士，宣城（今安徽宣州市）人。绍兴进士。高宗绍兴十五年，为礼、兵部架阁文字。高宗绍兴十七年（1147）为右迪功郎敕令所删定官。历任枢密院编修官、右司员外郎。绍兴二十一年（1151）出知兴国军（治今湖北阳新），后退隐庐山。交游的人物主要有李之仪、吕好问吕本中父子、葛立方以及秦桧等，曾向秦桧父子献谀诗。约卒于绍兴末年。著有《太仓稊米集》、《竹坡诗话》、《竹坡词》。有子周畴。
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