水调歌头·题斗南楼和刘朔斋韵
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]：李公昴
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万顷黄湾口，千仞白云头。一亭收拾，便觉炎海豁清秋。潮候朝昏来去，山色雨晴浓淡，天末送双眸。绝域远烟外，高浪舞连艘。
风景别，胜滕阁，压黄楼。胡床老子，醉挥珠玉落南州。稳驾大鹏八极，叱起仙羊五石，飞佩过丹丘。一笑人间世，机动早惊鸥。
水调歌头·题斗南楼和刘朔斋韵译文及注释
译文
站在斗南楼上，万顷海涛，千仞云山，尽收眼底，使人视界大开，胸襟舒畅。潮水早晚涨落，山色随着雨晴或浓或淡。万顷烟波之外的遥远地方，在那波浪中起伏的无数船只，是往来穿梭的商船。
这里可以览海观山，远胜于南昌的滕王阁和徐州的黄楼。刘朔斋醉中挥笔，在南国留下美好的词章。我则要驾起大鹏，唤醒已化为石头的五只仙羊，在仙境中遨游。只在尘世之中，若欲念一生，鸥鸟便惊飞远避了。
注释
黄湾：黄木湾，位于今天广州东郊黄埔，是珠江口一个呈漏斗状的深水港湾。唐宋时期，这一带已成为广州的外港，中外商船往来贸易均在此处停泊。
白云：指广州城北的白云山。
一亭收拾：一楼览尽之意。
机：机心，指欲念。
参考资料：
1、唐圭璋等著 ．《唐宋词鉴赏辞典》（南宋·辽·金卷）．上海：上海辞书出版社 ， 1988年版（2010年5月重印）： 第1985-1987页
水调歌头·题斗南楼和刘朔斋韵鉴赏
刘朔斋名震孙，字长卿，蜀人。曾任礼部侍郎、中书舍人。斗南楼原址在广州府治后城上，始建于宋徽宗建中靖国年间。其特色是在此地观海山之景，别具情致。
起笔二句：
极有气势，站在斗南楼上，万顷海涛，千仞云山，尽收眼底，使人视界大开，胸襟舒畅。
“黄湾”，即韩愈《南海神庙碑》所谓“扶胥之口，黄木之湾”的黄木湾，位于今天广州东郊黄埔，是珠江口一个呈漏斗状的深水港湾。唐宋时期，这一带已成为广州的外港，中外商船往来贸易均在此处停泊。
“白云”，指广州城北的白云山。“万顷”、“千仞”虽是诗词中常见之语，但用于篇首，气势尤显雄壮。
“一亭收拾”，即一楼览尽之意。据《广东通志》载：于此可以“东瞰扶胥浴日之景，西望灵洲吞纳之雄，南瞻珠海，北倚越台。森列万象，四望豁然”。
“一亭”句与首二句相衔接呼应。由于一亭览尽胜景，词人心神俱爽，暑热顿消，达到清凉境界。该句中的一个“豁”字，将词人暑热顿消的情志、精与气都表现出来。
“潮候”句，分承“万顷”、“千仞”句发挥。潮水的早晚涨落，山色的雨晴变化，这正是岭海特有的景色。“天送双眸”句，一个“送”字，便把天际的景色，轻轻移来眼底。此处上接前两句，写出景致的变化，丰富了景色的内涵。
词人眺望天边：在万顷烟波之外的遥远地方，在那波浪中起伏的无数船只，是往来穿梭的商船。“绝域”二句，写出了中外通商贸易的繁忙景象，为宋词中绝无仅有。
上阕：
主要是写眼前雄奇壮阔的景色，下阕则浮想联翩，感慨万千。“风景别”三句，写出词人对故乡的自豪感。他认为，这里可以览海观山，远胜于南昌的滕王阁和徐州的黄楼。滕王阁与黄楼是古时的两座名楼，分别因诗人王勃与苏辙、秦观写序作赋而名声鹤起②。作者在题斗南楼时，比之以“滕阁”、“黄楼”，有不让前贤之意。
“胡床”句由斗南楼联想到南楼，晋朝庾亮曾于秋夜登武昌南楼，坐胡床与诸人谈咏，高兴地说：“老子于此处兴复不浅。”“胡床”是当时一种可折叠的躺椅。“胡床老子”，指庾亮，这时用典借指刘朔斋。“珠玉”，比喻优美的诗文，这里指刘朔斋的原作。
“胡床”句称誉刘朔斋醉中挥笔，在南国留下美好的词章，对题目作了呼应。
词人写到这里，感情奔放，大有飘飘欲仙之意。他放怀抒发：“稳驾大鹏八极，叱起仙羊五石，飞佩过丹丘，”他要驾起大鹏，唤醒已化为石头的五只仙羊，在仙境中遨游。“八极”指八方之极远处，指广阔的空间。“佩”，指仙人的玉佩，传说系上它便可在天上飞行。“丹丘”，指仙境。《楚辞。远游》之“仍羽人于丹丘留不死之旧乡”，即以“丹丘”指仙乡。
“叱起仙羊五石”一句：
来自两个典故。据《术平寰宇记》载：传说周夷王时有五个仙人，分别骑着口衔六支谷穗的五只羊降临楚庭（广州古名），把谷穗赠给当地人，祝他们永无饥荒。仙人言罢隐去，五羊化石。广州因此又名羊城。《神仙传》又载：有皇初平者牧羊，随道士入金华山石室中学道。其兄寻来，只见白石，不见有羊。初平对石头喝了一声：“羊起！”周围的石头都变为羊。这两个典故，一为羊化石，一为石化羊，合用在一起，使人觉受到作者随心所欲、指挥万象的豪情！
“一笑人间世，机动早惊鸥”一句：
笔锋一转，由天上回到人世。“机动”句反用“鸥鹭忘机”之典。《列子·黄帝》载：古时海上有好鸥鸟者，每从鸥鸟游，鸥鸟至者以百数。其父说：“吾闻鸥鸟皆从汝游，汝取来吾玩之。”次日至海上，鸥鸟舞而不下。“机”即机心，指欲念。意思是人无欲念，则鸥鸟可近。陆游《登拟岘台》之“更喜机心无复在，沙边鸥鹭亦相亲”，便用此意。此处反用，即设若欲念一生，鸥鸟便惊飞远避了。二句表明了作者的生活态度。
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乔吉《
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折桂令·登姑苏台》
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乔吉《
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折桂令·登姑苏台》
李公昴简介
唐代·李公昴的简介
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：
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祗为抽簪早，归来已四春。本非食肉相，犹是饭牛身。
负郭无新业，灌园有旧邻。矶边独钓客，陇上偶耕人。