虞美人·春愁
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宋代]：陈亮
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东风荡飏轻云缕，时送萧萧雨。水边画榭燕新归，一口香泥湿带、落花飞。
海棠糁径铺香绣，依旧成春瘦。黄昏庭院柳啼鸦，记得那人和月、折梨花。
虞美人·春愁创作背景
南宋政权建立以来，统治者不思举兵北伐。陈亮怀有一腔报国之志，却无处施展抱负。长期的乡居生活并没有让他的志向发生改变，磊落不平之气多次借由诗词抒发出来。在陈亮眼里，春光带给他的只有愁和恨，这首《虞美人·春愁》便是其中一首。
参考资料：
1、刘默，陈思思，黄桂月编著．宋词鉴赏大全集 下：中国华侨出版社，2012.09：第543页
2、夏承焘等著．宋词鉴赏辞典 下：上海辞典书出版社，2013.08：第1471页
虞美人·春愁鉴赏
词的上片开篇两句没有写“红杏枝头春意闹”的芳菲春景，而是直说“风”、“雨”。东风轻拂着大地，几缕淡淡的云彩在天空飘荡。这两句里的“风”和“雨”，是全词的词眼，大好的春光就是在风雨中消逝的，领起了全篇词意。“水边台榭燕新归，一口香泥、湿带落花飞。”两句化用白居易《钱塘湖春行》中“谁家新燕啄春泥”的诗意。燕子才刚刚归来，还未来得及观赏芳菲春色，满树花朵却已经凋零，如此景象，词人不由产生满腔感慨、满腹愁绪。这里的“泥”承第二句“萧萧雨”，“落花”承第一句“东风荡飏”而来。燕子新归，而落红已经成阵，目睹这种景色，词人的感慨之情油然而生。
词的下片首句承上片“落花”，开始描写凋零的海棠。“海棠糁径铺香绣，依旧成春瘦。”在此词人虽然只取了海棠一种花来进行描写，但是读者从中仿佛还可以看到桃花、杏花、梨花……落红一地。当所有春花凋零并被泥土掩埋，也就没有什么春色可言。用“春瘦”来形容春色渐失十分形象传神，也是全词的主旨所在。春也如人一般，在万花凋零的满腹愁绪中逐渐消瘦，逐渐疲惫不堪。结尾两句“黄昏庭院柳啼鸦，记得那人、和月折梨花。”开始出现人的形象，画面也顿时变得更加丰富。
全词无一字说愁，却处处都透着愁绪。春天本是百花竞放、喧闹芳菲的季节，可是经历一场风雨后，凋零的花朵，衔泥的春燕，对月啼叫的乌鸦却让人顿感凄凉。花开花落虽是自然之理，却引发了敏感词人心中的无限愁绪，凄凉的其实不只是春色，也是词人因年华渐逝、壮志未酬而生的悲哀。词中的抑郁哀婉之气令读者读之不禁为作者坎坷的生平而动容。
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上一首：
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辛弃疾《
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满江红·倦客新丰》
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下一首：
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辛弃疾《
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鹧鸪天·欲上高楼去避愁》
陈亮简介
唐代·陈亮的简介
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陈亮（1143—1194）原名汝能，后改名陈亮，字同甫，号龙川，婺州永康（今属浙江）人。婺州以解头荐，因上《中兴五论》，奏入不报。孝宗淳熙五年，诣阙上书论国事。后曾两次被诬入狱。绍熙四年光宗策进士第一，状元。授签书建康府判官公事，未行而卒，谥号文毅。所作政论气势纵横，词作豪放，有《龙川文集》《龙川词》，宋史有传。
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