菩萨蛮·富阳道中
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宋代]：毛滂
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春潮曾送离魂去。春山曾见伤离处。老去不堪愁。凭阑看水流。
东风留不住。一夜檐前雨。明日觅春痕。红疏桃杏村。
菩萨蛮·富阳道中鉴赏
词以“春潮曾送离魂去，春山曾见伤离处”两句起笔。这两个“曾”字，词人把自己的思绪沉浸到对往昔的回忆中了。“离魂”这里借指女友的离情。正是眼前的山水，词人过去曾在此与女友分手；而今山水依旧，人事已非，当时的“伤离”情景只存于记忆中了。这样，开头两句就为全篇定下了感怀的情绪基调。“老去不堪秋，凭阑看水流”二句，承“春潮”、“春山”而来，把思绪从往昔的回忆拉回到现实中，而现实又是如何呢？春山依旧青青，流水依旧潺潺，而自己却已走入人生之秋了，置身昔日与女友分手之地，只能目送流水阵阵流向远方。词人内心功业未就而年岁已高的哀怨借“看水流”三字得到了淋漓尽致的表现，“看”字极富意蕴，耐人寻味。上片在写法上为抒情的需要，打破惯常的时空顺序，借“春潮”、“春山”和两个“曾”字沉入对往昔的回忆。这种手法使词的感怀情调更为浓郁，同时也为下片作好了铺垫。
“东风留不住，一夜檐前雨。”意谓东风无法挽留，像年华一样逝去，留下的只是漫漫长夜檐前滴也滴不完的雨滴。这二句承上片“凭阑”句，借此暗示自己的“永夜不寐”，流露出环境带给孤寂的客居者的一种心理重压。写法上，这二句忽然宕开一笔，以景托情，这又反过来连接上片，与上片所渲染的感怀情调相承，顺理成章地过渡到歇拍二句：“明日觅春痕，红疏桃杏村。”这二句承上二句“东风”、“雨”，指明经历风吹雨打的红花慢慢地凋零、飘落，留下的将是一幅残春图景。显然，这也寄寓了浓郁的身世之感。至此，词虽已结束了，却留下浓厚而久远的回味。
《人间词话》开篇云：“词以境界为最上。”毛滂这首词，正由于对词境作了开掘，才留给我们无穷的回味。这首词的“境界”，表现在时空的浩渺辽远和有尽语言所传达的无穷意味。词以回忆往昔开始，然后转回现实，又由现实指向未来。“过去——现实——未来”组成全篇“放——收——放”的开放结构，使词在有限的篇幅中包蕴了丰富而悠远的内涵。空间上，此词还成功地运用了绘画艺术中的空白技巧。清人戴熙说：“画在有笔墨处，画之妙在无笔墨处”（见《习若斋画絮》）。这首词之“妙”正是字外的空间所蕴含的意味，例如“老去不堪秋，凭阑看水流”二句就有使读者的思绪随着潺潺流水而漂向远方，随着词人的目光而向远方延伸的效果。总之，作者借有限的语言，为我们提供了一个“空框结构”，使我们在这一“结构”中得以填充自己的理解，这也就是这首词历久不衰的秘密所在。
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宋之问《
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龙门应制》
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王十朋《
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清白堂》
毛滂简介
唐代·毛滂的简介
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毛滂，字泽民，衢州江山人，约生于嘉佑六年（1061），卒于宣和末年。有《东堂集》十卷和《东堂词》一卷传世。
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两汉：
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草木不常荣，憔悴为秋霜。今遇泰始世，年逢九春阳。
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顾随
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真把人间比梦间。子云亭下叶初丹。炷香纵使通三界，奠酒何曾至九泉。
辞北国，入西川。殷勤犹自寄诗篇。便教来世为兄弟，话到今生已惘然。
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湘江清十首 其二
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明代：
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邓云霄
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枉渚簇兰芽，人家半钓家。炎天飞片雪，白鸟落平沙。
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李如一书癖
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：
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沙曾达
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纵横经籍喜幽居，满架琳琅胜五车。图著身心能阐发，不同高阁饱蟫鱼。
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时秋积雨霁
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宋代：
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毛直方
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酝酿丰年付老农，挽回凉信报诗翁。
巫山久暗埋寒碧，湘水初明浴晚红。
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偶成
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明代：
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贺钦
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年老睡还少，夜长醒更多。土床烟火足，趺坐默吟哦。