过香积寺
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唐代]：王维
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古木无人径，深山何处钟。
泉声咽危石，日色冷青松。
薄暮空潭曲，安禅制毒龙。
过香积寺译文及注释
译文
不知道香积寺在什么地方，攀登好几里误入云拥群峰。
古木参天却没有人行路径，深山里何处传来古寺鸣钟。
山中泉水撞危石响声幽咽，松林里日光照射也显寒冷。
黄昏时来到空潭隐蔽之地，安然地修禅抑制心中毒龙。
注释
过：过访，探望。香积寺：唐代著名寺院，有争议，一说香积寺在长安县（今陕西省西安市）南神禾原上。”故址已废。一说在河南汝州，今风穴寺，唐时称香积寺。
入云峰：登上入云的高峰。
钟：寺庙的钟鸣声。
咽：呜咽。危：高的，陡的。“危石”意为高耸的崖石。
冷青松：为青松所冷。
薄暮：黄昏。曲：水边。“安禅”即安静地打坐，在这里指佛家思想。
安禅：为佛家术语，指身心安然进入清寂宁静的境界，在这里指佛家思想。毒龙：佛家比喻俗人的邪念妄想。见《涅槃经》：“但我住处有一毒龙，想性暴急，恐相危害。”
参考资料：
1、于海娣 等．唐诗鉴赏大全集．北京：中国华侨出版社，2010：88
2、邓安生 等．王维诗选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1990：109-110
3、蘅塘退士 等．唐诗三百首·宋词三百首·元曲三百首．北京：华文出版社，2009：115
过香积寺鉴赏
诗题“过香积寺”的“过”，意谓“访问”、“探望”。既是去访香积寺，却又从“不知”说起；“不知”而又要去访，表现出诗人的洒脱不羁。因为“不知”，诗人便步入茫茫山林中去寻找，行不数里就进入白云缭绕的山峰之下。此句正面写人入云峰，实际映衬香积寺之深藏幽邃。还未到寺，已是如此云封雾罩，香积寺之幽远可想而知矣。
接着四句，是写诗人在深山密林中的目见和耳闻。先看三四两句。古树参天的丛林中，杳无人迹；忽然又飘来一阵隐隐的钟声，在深山空谷中回响，使得本来就很寂静的山林又蒙上了一层迷惘、神秘的情调，显得越发安谧。“何处”二字，看似寻常，实则绝妙：由于山深林密，使人不觉钟声从何而来，只有“嗡嗡”的声音在四周缭绕；这与上句的“无人”相应，又暗承首句的“不知”。有小径而无人行，听钟鸣而不知何处，再衬以周遭参天的古树和层峦叠嶂的群山。这是十分荒僻而又幽静的境界。
五六两句，仍然意在表现环境的幽冷，而手法和上二句不同，写声写色，逼真如画，堪称名句。诗人以倒装句，突出了入耳的泉声和触目的日色。“咽”字在这里下得极为准确、生动：山中危石耸立，流泉自然不能轻快地流淌，只能在嶙峋的岩石间艰难地穿行，仿佛痛苦地发出幽咽之声。诗人用“冷”来形容“日色”，粗看极谬，然而仔细玩味，这个“冷”字实在太妙了。夕阳西下，昏黄的余晖涂抹在一片幽深的松林上，这情状，不能不“冷”。诗人涉荒穿幽，直到天快黑时才到香积寺，看到了寺前的水潭。“空潭”之“空”不能简单地理解为“什么也没有”。王维诗中常用“空”字，如“空山不见人”、“空山新雨后”、“夜静春山空”之类，都含有宁静的意思。暮色降临，面对空阔幽静的水潭，看着澄清透彻的潭水，再联系到寺内修行学佛的僧人，诗人不禁想起佛教的故事：在西方的一个水潭中，曾有一毒龙藏身，累累害人。佛门高僧以无边的佛法制服了毒龙，使其离潭他去，永不伤人。佛法可以制毒龙，亦可以克制世人心中的欲念啊。“安禅”为佛家术语，即安静地打坐，在这里指佛家思想。“毒龙”用以比喻世俗人的欲望。
王维晚年诗笔常带有一种恬淡宁静的气氛。这首诗，就是以他沉湎于佛学的恬静心境，描绘出山林古寺的幽邃环境，从而造成一种清高幽僻的意境。王国维谓“不知一切景语，皆情语也”。这首诗的前六句纯乎写景，然无一处不透露诗人的心情，可以说，王维是把“晚年惟好静”的情趣融化到所描写的景物中去的了。因此最后“安禅制毒龙”，便是诗人心迹的自然流露。
诗采用由远到近、由景入情的写法，从“入云峰”到“空潭曲”逐步接近香积寺，最后则吐露“安禅制毒龙”的情思。这中间过渡毫无痕迹，浑然天成。诗人描绘幽静的山林景色，并不一味地从寂静无声上用力，反而着意写了隐隐的钟声和呜咽的泉声，这钟声和泉声非但没有冲淡整个环境的平静，反而增添了深山丛林的僻静之感。这就是通常所讲的“鸟鸣山更幽”的境界。
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王维《
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老将行》
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张祜《
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集灵台·其二》
王维简介
唐代·王维的简介
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王维（701年－761年，一说699年—761年），字摩诘，汉族，河东蒲州（今山西运城）人，祖籍山西祁县，唐朝诗人，有“诗佛”之称。苏轼评价其：“味摩诘之诗，诗中有画；观摩诘之画，画中有诗。”开元九年（721年）中进士，任太乐丞。王维是盛唐诗人的代表，今存诗400余首，重要诗作有《相思》《山居秋暝》等。王维精通佛学，受禅宗影响很大。佛教有一部《维摩诘经》，是王维名和字的由来。王维诗书画都很有名，非常多才多艺，音乐也很精通。与孟浩然合称“王孟”。
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两汉：
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佚名
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望秋高梨岭，星下莆阳，庆生贤哲。问瑞蓂留两荚。小试宏才，暂劳雕邑，布阳春仁泽。庭有驯禽，村无吠犬，稻黄连陌。最是邦人，合掌顶戴，萱草年华，蟠桃春色。却笑仙翁，觅丹砂金诀。德满人间，诏来天上，看寿名俱得。岁岁霞觞，凤凰池畔，贺生辰节。