卖残牡丹
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唐代]：鱼玄机
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临风兴叹落花频，芳意潜消又一春。
应为价高人不问，却缘香甚蝶难亲。
红英只称生宫里，翠叶那堪染路尘。
及至移根上林苑，王孙方恨买无因。
卖残牡丹译文及注释
译文
频频叹息花被狂风吹落太多，芳香渐消失又要过一个春天。
应是价格太高人们不敢询问，又因香气太浓蝴蝶难以亲近。
只有皇宫才配生长这种鲜花，哪能忍受让它沾染路上灰尘。
等到把花移植到皇宫上林苑，王孙贵族才为没有买而遗恨。
注释
牡丹，原产山西一带，唐初移植长安，成为珍品，誉为国花。贞元（唐德宗年号，785—805）时，对牡丹玩赏更成为长安之社会风气。柳浑《牡丹》诗曰：“近来无奈牡丹何，数十千钱买一棵。”
频：频频不断。潜消：暗暗地消失。
缘：因为。
红英：鲜花。称：配，够格。
上林苑：秦旧苑，汉武帝扩建，周围三百里，有离宫七十所。苑中养禽兽，供皇帝春秋打猎。此指唐代宫苑。
王孙：借指富贵人家子弟。《史记·淮阴侯列传》：“吾哀王孙而进食，岂望报乎！”
参考资料：
1、作品译文内容由朝阳山人提供.
卖残牡丹鉴赏
这首诗写作年代已不可考，但从其反映的内容和心绪来推测，当属女诗人鱼玄机后期作品。这首诗以残败的牡丹花自况。没有人赏识她高贵美丽。“卖”字极为伤感，主动兜售都无人问津，一腔忿限倾泄而出，读来荡气回肠，感人至深。
此诗首联一二句，写牡丹花无人注意，暗暗凋零。此联是总提，为全诗奠定了感情基调，以下皆由此生发开去，一步步引向深人。“临风”句写诗人站在狂风之中，看着纷纷而落的牡丹花，连连叹息。“落花”点明题中“残”字。“风”道出了牡丹致残的原因，说明牡丹并非自然意义上的衰败，而是被无情的狂风吹残。为全诗蒙上了一层浓重的悲剧色彩。而一“叹”字就明写诗人心情，饱含无限感慨，也是全诗感情字眼。“频”字既可看作落花之多，又可看作诗人感慨叹息之频。
颔联三四句，写牡丹花高贵，无人敢问，花香太浓，蝴蝶都难以亲近。这两句前人认为有寄托。语句对偶。
颈联五六句，写牡丹花应该生长在皇宫里，而不应该生长在路旁被糟蹋。语句对偶。
尾联七八句，写等到牡丹花移植到帝王园林，那些富贵子弟将后悔不堪。其实这只是诗人的美好愿望而已。
这首诗中感怀了自己向上不能高攀，因清高不被赏识；向下不能低就，因才高不被接纳；最终只能落得独自终老的际遇。然而这却不是鱼玄机一人的命运。在男权社会里，女人始终如同商品，靠提升自己的卖相供掌握着社会话语权的男性世界消费，才能保证自己最最终有一个好的归宿。千百年来这一直是女性存在的模式。此诗的思想意义就在于作者把这种模式用诗的形式表达出来。
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谢懋《
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霜天晓角·桂花》
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顾太清《
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金缕曲·咏白海棠》
鱼玄机简介
唐代·鱼玄机的简介
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鱼玄机，女，晚唐诗人，长安（今陕西西安）人。初名鱼幼微，字蕙兰。咸通（唐懿宗年号，860—874）中为补阙李亿妾，以李妻不能容，进长安咸宜观出家为女道士。后被京兆尹温璋以打死婢女之罪名处死。鱼玄机性聪慧，有才思，好读书，尤工诗。与李冶、薛涛、刘采春并称唐代四大女诗人。鱼玄机其诗作现存五十首，收于《全唐诗》。有《鱼玄机集》一卷。其事迹见《唐才子传》等书。
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