雨晴
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宋代]：陈与义
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天缺西南江面清，纤云不动小滩横。
墙头语鹊衣犹湿，楼外残雷气未平。
尽取微凉供稳睡，急搜奇句报新晴。
今宵绝胜无人共，卧看星河尽意明。
雨晴译文及注释
译文
西南方露出蔚蓝色天空映照江面清澄，一如横卧江上小滩蓝天上有一抹微云。
喜鹊飞立墙头欢叫羽毛依然浇湿，楼外远处还不断传来残余的雷声。
趁雷雨后的微凉睡个安稳的好觉，赶快吟几句奇诗回报雨后的新晴。
这么迷人夜晚可惜无人来共同享受，便我一人也要尽兴卧看银河直到天明。
注释
天缺：雨过云开，露出一角青天。
纤云：细云。此指夏日雨后的高卷云。
小滩：喻纤云。
语鹊：语鸥：喳喳叫的鸟鹊。
衣：比拟鸟鹊的羽毛。
残雷：即将消失的低沉的雷声。
供：提供。稳睡：安稳入睡。
报：回报，报答。
绝胜：非常美妙的情境。
星河：天上的银河。尽意：尽情。
参考资料：
1、叶嘉莹，袁行霈等．《宋元文学名作欣赏》：北京大学出版社，2012.08：第26页
2、蒋孟豪．《中国历代古典诗歌精品选译》：重庆出版社，2006.1：第273页
3、陈长喜．《中国历代名诗赏读 （下册）》：天津古籍出版社，2007年09月第1版：第690页
雨晴创作背景
宣和五年(1123)陈与义担任了太学博士，受到了皇帝的器重，也许觉得自己可以施展才学，因而心情略有变化，面对夏末秋初，天气转晴，骤雨方歇，写下这首《雨晴》诗。
参考资料：
1、叶嘉莹，袁行霈等．《宋元文学名作欣赏》：北京大学出版社，2012.08：第26页
雨晴鉴赏
这首七律描绘了酷暑雷雨过后的自然景象，抒发了诗人感受雨后新凉的舒畅喜悦的心情。[5]
首联、颈联都描绘雨晴的景象，首联写天空。“天缺西南江面清，纤云不动小滩横。”中“天缺西南”写西南方的天已露出了蔚蓝，标示出“晴”，“江面清”三字是以江南的清平湛蓝来比喻天空西南方的晴明之色。“纤云不动”，写白云纹丝不动。“小滩横”三字承接“江面清”，比喻一抹云如横在江面的小滩。这两句前四字都用白描手法绘实景，后三字都用比喻对实景加以形容，两个比喻前后照应，使二句之景融为一体，形成一幅完整的画面，形象生动逼真，色彩鲜明富于立体感。[2] 领联“墙头语鹊衣犹湿，楼外残雷气未平。”里，诗人的视线，由于鹊叫自然地由仰视转为平视，描写由形为主转声为主。“犹湿”，即写出雨后初晴，又表现了鹊的情态活泼可爱。下句，随“残雷”的低响，描写形声兼顾转以写声为主。“气未平”三字写雷声不甘于立即销声匿迹。这一联，鹊能“语”又有“衣”，雷能“残”又有“气”，运用了拟人手法，使诗句富有生气。清脆的鹊语与低沉的残雷形成对比，和谐一致，交织成一首雨晴时大自然的交晌曲。
颈联“尽取微凉供稳睡，急搜奇句报新晴。”用叙事抒发雨睛的喜悦。雨后微凉引起睡意，雨后新晴牵动诗情，但诗情胜过睡意。“尽取”、“急搜”、“微凉”、“稳睡”、“奇句”、“新晴”这六个带修饰语的词，使两个记事诗句具体可感。“供”字写自然给人的提供。“报”字写人对自然的回报，这正是人与自然的和谐一致。
尾联“今宵绝胜无人共，卧看星河尽意明。”两句仍叙事，事中有景，景中寓情。“卧看星河尽意明”一句化用杜牧的“卧看牵牛织女星”，只是没有小杜诗句的寂寞感，而是兴致盎然。“尽意”二字，不仅描绘星河的明澈，更赋予星河以生命，让它充分绽放光彩，也采报答雨后的新睛。
通观全诗，诗人捕捉住雨后初晴自然景况变化的瞬间，以乍晴的天空、漂浮的白云、争喧的鹊鸣、低沉的雷声，构成了多层次多角度、气势恢弘的绚丽景观。诗中虽未着一个情字，但喜悦之情旱已透过写景叙事的字里行间喷涌而出，全诗清丽雄浑，奇趣横生。
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梅尧臣《
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陶者》
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陆游《
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剑门道中遇微雨》
陈与义简介
唐代·陈与义的简介
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陈与义(1090-1138)，字去非，号简斋，汉族，其先祖居京兆，自曾祖陈希亮迁居洛阳，故为宋代河南洛阳人（现在属河南）。他生于宋哲宗元祐五年(1090年)，卒于南宋宋高宗绍兴八年(1138年)。北宋末，南宋初年的杰出诗人，同时也工于填词。其词存于今者虽仅十余首，却别具风格，尤近于苏东坡，语意超绝，笔力横空，疏朗明快，自然浑成，著有《简斋集》。
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