敕勒歌
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]：乐府诗集
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敕勒川，阴山下。天似穹庐，笼盖四野。
天苍苍，野茫茫。风吹草低见牛羊。
敕勒歌译文及注释
译文
阴山脚下啊，有敕勒族生活的大平原。敕勒川的天空啊，它的四面与大地相连，看起来好像牧民们居住的毡帐一般。
蓝天下的草原啊，都翻滚着绿色的波澜，那风吹到草低处，有一群群的牛羊时隐时现。
译文二
辽阔的敕勒平原，就在千里阴山下，天空仿佛圆顶帐篷，广阔无边，笼罩着四面的原野。
天空蓝蓝的，原野辽阔无边。风儿吹过，牧草低伏，显露出原来隐没于草丛中的众多牛羊。
注释
《敕勒歌》：敕勒（chì lè）：种族名，北齐时居住在朔州（今山西省北部）一带。
敕勒川：川：平川、平原。敕勒族居住的地方，在现在的山西、内蒙一带。北魏时期把今河套平原至土默川一带称为敕勒川。
阴山：在今内蒙古自治区北部。
穹庐（qióng lú）：用毡布搭成的帐篷，即蒙古包。
笼盖四野（yǎ）：笼盖，另有版本作“笼罩”（洪迈《容斋随笔》卷一和胡仔《苕溪渔隐丛话》后集卷三十一）；四野，草原的四面八方。
天苍苍：苍苍：青色。苍，青，天苍苍，天蓝蓝的。
茫茫：辽阔无边的样子。
见（xiàn）：同“现”，显露。
参考资料：
1、敕勒歌．人民教育出版社[引用日期2014-04-18]
敕勒歌创作背景
《敕勒歌》的诞生时代，正是我国历史上南北朝时的北朝时期。由于漠南地区当时主要是敕勒人聚居的地方，他们把漠南一带成为“敕勒川”。著名的《敕勒歌》，是北齐时敕勒人的鲜卑语的牧歌，后被翻译成汉语。
敕勒歌鉴赏
这首民歌，勾勒出了北国草原壮丽富饶的风光，抒写敕勒人热爱家乡热爱生活的豪情，境界开阔，音调雄壮，语言明白如话，艺术概括力极强。
“敕勒川，阴山下”，诗歌一开头就以高亢的音调，吟咏出北方的自然特点，无遮无拦，高远辽阔。这简洁的六个字，格调雄阔宏放，透显出敕勒民族雄强有力的性格。
“天似穹庐，笼盖四野”，这两句承上面的背景而来，极言画面之壮阔，天野之恢宏。同时，抓住了这一民族生活的最典型的特征，歌者以如椽之笔勾画了一幅北国风貌图。
“天苍苍，野茫茫，风吹草低见牛羊”，“天”、“野”两句承上，且描绘笔法上略有叠沓，蕴涵着咏叹抒情的情调。作者运用叠词的形式，极力突出天空之苍阔、辽远，原野之碧绿、无垠。这两句显现出游牧民族博大的胸襟、豪放的性格。“风吹草低见牛羊”这最后一句是全文的点睛之笔，描绘出一幅殷实富足、其乐融融的景象。
这首歌具有鲜明的游牧民族的色彩，具有浓郁的草原气息。从语言到意境可谓浑然天成，它质直朴素、意韵真淳。语言无晦涩难懂之句，浅近明快、酣畅淋漓地抒写了游牧民族骁勇善战、彪悍豪迈的情怀。
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张舜民《
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村居》
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