玉树后庭花
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南北朝]：陈叔宝
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丽宇芳林对高阁，新装艳质本倾城。
映户凝娇乍不进，出帷含态笑相迎。
妖姬脸似花含露，玉树流光照后庭。
花开花落不长久，落红满地归寂中。
玉树后庭花译文及注释
译文
楼殿高阁前有芳林花草竞相争春，妃子们本就貌美如花，再加上盛装打扮，更加显出倾城之貌。
妃子起初掩映着窗子，外面春光的娇美之景无法进入她们的芳阁。但妃子一出闺阁，万般春日丽景都失去了颜色。妃子笑容可掬，盈盈走出门户。
她们的脸就像带着晶莹雨露的鲜花，她们的美态就如玉树那样秀丽，流光溢彩，清雅别致。
花儿从开放时的争奇斗艳到枯萎的凋零是很短暂的时光，到花瓣都落光的时候一切又都归于了平凡。
注释
对：相对，对面。这里指高阁前有芳林花草。
倾城：使城池倾倒，形容女子貌美。
乍：开始，起初。
帷：帷帐，帷幄。
玉树：玉树的树冠挺拔秀丽，茎叶碧绿，顶生白色花朵，十分清雅别致。
流光：玲珑剔透，流光溢彩。
玉树后庭花创作背景
南朝陈后主生活奢侈，不问政事，且喜爱艳词。但他的好日子就象这玉树后庭花一样短暂，前后不足七年（公元582年至589）589年，隋兵进入建康（今南京），陈后主被俘，后病死于洛阳。 《玉树后庭花》遂被称为“亡国之音”。
玉树后庭花鉴赏
陈后主所作的《玉树后庭花》歌，写的是嫔妃们娇娆媚丽，堪与鲜花比美竞妍，其词哀怨靡丽而悲凉，后来成为亡国之音的代称。
“丽宇芳林对高阁，新妆艳质本倾城。”诗的开头概括了宫中环境，并化用汉朝李延年的“一顾倾人城，再顾倾人国”诗句，来映衬美人的美丽。华丽的殿宇，花木繁盛的花园，没人居住的高阁就在这殿宇的对面，在花丛的环绕之中。美人生来就美丽，再经刻意妆点，姿色更加艳丽无比。
“映户凝娇乍不进，出帷含态笑相迎。”写美人们应召见驾时的情态，仪态万千，风情万种。无论是应召时的“乍不进”，还是接驾时的“笑相迎”，都讨得后主的无比欢欣。“妖姬脸似花含露，玉树流光照后庭。”诗的结尾处与开头相呼应，重点描绘了宫中美人的“倾国倾城之貌”，也成了陈后主留恋后宫，贪恋美人的最好注脚。
诗歌在艺术上有以下几个方面的特点：一是着意于从侧面、动态的角度去描写，力求舍形而求神，诗中所用的“似花含露”、“玉树流光”的描写都极为生动传神；二是全诗结构紧凑，回环照应，景与人相互映衬，意象美不胜收。这首诗在一定程度上，代表了宫体诗的最高水平。从一个侧面可以看出，陈后主虽然是一个糟糕的皇帝，但却是一个具有一定艺术修养的诗人。
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白居易《
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上阳白发人》
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刘禹锡《
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更衣曲》
陈叔宝简介
唐代·陈叔宝的简介
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陈后主陈叔宝（553—604年），字元秀，南朝陈最后一位皇帝。公元582年—589年在位，在位时大建宫室，生活奢侈，不理朝政，日夜与妃嫔、文臣游宴，制作艳词。隋军南下时，自恃长江天险，不以为然。589年（祯明三年），隋军入建康，陈叔宝被俘。后在洛阳城病死，终年52岁，追赠大将军、长城县公，谥曰炀。
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